Windshield wiper



March 17, 1936. F, CUMA ET AL 2,034,086

WINDSHIELD WIPER Filed Jan. 6, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet l (Alfil/Il MHH ' i Al I I INVENTORS ATTORNEYS March 17, 1936. l C, F CUMA ETAL I 2,034,086

WINDSHIELD WIPER Filed Jan. 6, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORS CHARLES ECLIMA RAV H. EVANS ATTO RNEYS Patented Mar. 17,1936

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Schirm.

operation; to provide simplicity of construction;

v and to effect economy of manufacturing cost.

' Another object of the invention is to provide a.

self-lubricated wiper whereby wear is' reduced to the minimum. AAfurther and important object of the invention is to provide' apressure-operated wiper that has power and speedlin direct proportionto' the speedzof the vehicle, that is, that op- `verates fastest andwith greatest power when the vehicle motor is operating at h ignspeed.Other objecgts will be manifest as the specification procee 4 Figure 1is a rear elevation of the wiper mecha' nism, the rear cover thereofbeing removed;

Figure 2 is a vertical section through the wiper mechanism on the line2-2 of Figure 1; r Figure 3' is a section on the 1ine'3-3 of Figure 2; y

Figure 4 is a front elevation of the wiper mechanism, the front coverthereof being removed;

Figure 5 is a section on the line 5-5 of Fig- Figure 6 is a section onthe line 6-6 of Figure Figure 7 is a disassembled perspective view of rthe rear end of the wiper mechanism with cover removed, kshowing therespective parts of the Valre-operating mechanism demounted in order; an

Figure 8 is a section similar to Figure 6, showing the valve in itsalternative position.

This invention resides in an improved motor or loperating mechanism forWindshield Wipers, said motor being designed especially for operation byliquid under pressure,r preferably oil from the lubricating system of anautomobile engine. The motor is of the oscillating type adapted to sweepa suitable wiper blade in a' Wide arc over the windshield of a; moto-rvehicle, the motor being mounted upon the upper or lower windshieldframe' as desired.

55. ing and gaskets 25, being provided to prevent Referring now to thedrawings,l the improved leakage of oil past the threads. The housing 22is formed interiorly, at its front end, with a wall or partition 26, thearrangement being such as to deiine a chamber 21 in the'rear of thehousing, which chamber is closed by rear cover 24. The Afront face ofthe wall 26 is 4formed with a concentric, annular groove, and the rearface of the iront cover 23. is similarly grooved so that together saidgrooves define a torus shaped annular-recess or pressure cylinder 28that is circular in cross-section, in front of the wall 26.A Aprojection or thickened portion 29V ofA the wall 26 extends into thechamber 21, at one side thereof, and said projection is formed with anopen-end bore 30 that is disposedtransversely of the axis of thehousing. Diverging passages 3|, 3| extend from each endV of the bore3,0, through the wall 26 into the annular recess 28. A'radial bore 32extends through the wall 'of the housing 22 and projection 29 into thebore 30, and a nipple 33 is 20 threaded into the 'outer end of bore 32for connectionwith a iiuid inlet pipe' (not shown). Another bore, 34,extends through the housing wall opposite one end of the bore 30, and anipple is threaded into the outer end of bore 34 for connection with'aduid-return pipe (not shown).

Slidably mountedI inthe bore 30 is a valve 3'| consisting of a pair ofimperforate, spaced-apart heads connected by a stem of reduced size, theoverall length of the valve being substantially less than the length' ofsaid bore. rIfhe valve 31 is adapted to reciprocate longitudinally ofthe bore 30 so as to put the respective passages 3l, in alternation, incommunication with the inlet bore 32. The arrangement is such that whenone passage 3| is in communication with the inlet 32, the other passage3| is in communication with the outlet bore 34 through the chamber 21and that 'portion of the bore30 not occupied by the valve 31, as is mostclearly shown vin Figures 6 and 8. v y

Positioned in the annular cylinder 28, between the two passages 3|, is apartition comprising a short, cylindrical, metal disc 40 (see Figures 2and'4) that is fixed in place by means of a dowel 4| extending into thewall 26. The lateral faces of the disc 4U are provided with respectivecupgaskets 42 suitably secured to the'disc by set screws 43-43, saidgasketssealing against the wall of the cylinder 28 so as to prevent theflow r of fluid from one passage 3| to the other.

Also mounted in the Aannular cylinder 28 is a waisted, metal piston 44that hasits respective ends provided with cup-gaskets 45, 45 engagingthe wall of the said chamber as is most clearly 28. The disc 46 isformed with a hook-like radial inder 28.' 'Ihe disc 46 is axiallyapertured to accommodate a shaft 49 that extends freely therethrough.

fbosslfprmed on ther inner .face of the rear-cover ,15 l

projection 41, (see Figures 4 and 5) that interts the. waisted portionof the piston so that said disc constitutes, in effect, a piston rodthat is moved angularly by movement of the piston under the impetus offluid ilowing into the cylthe inlet port 32 atthe Sametime.

.The shaft 49 also passes through the front oliver;,4

23 which is formed with an'externally threaded,

ing box for the shaft 49, said threaded'` onto the projection 50 -lsprovidedv for .1

mounting the Wiperfstructure on a vehicle.y .'The

be described, and -it carries,

Wlverl` blade l(not shown). Fixedly mounted'upon the 'shaft 49 isafgenin a suitable laperture in vthe wall 26,3behind the disc-46, andsaid bushingis provided with a forwardly projecting stud or dowel 56that fits into a complementa] aperture 51 in the disc 46, wherebyangular movement of said disc causes similar movement of the shaft 49.At its rear end 'the bushing 55 is formed with a sector-shaped cut awayportion 58 of substantially 140 degrees.

The valve 31 is reciprocated by a pivoted, oscillatable lever I vthat ispivotally mounted upon a pin or post 6|, the latter being mounted in thewall 26, near laterally projecting stud ates the valve the peripheralwall of the housing 22, diametrically opposite the projection 29. Onelateral face of the lever 60 abuts the rear end of the bushing 55, andthe said lever `is centrally formed with an aperture 62 that is somewhatsimilar to a trefoil in contour. The shaft 49 extends through theaperture 62, theshape of the latter being such as to permit oscillatingor pendulous movement of the lever. Theffree end of the lever is formedwith a that engage the in the bore 38, ures 1 and 3.

Journaled upon the shaft 49, in abutting rela-l tion Ito the rear face'of the pivoted lever 6U is a cylindrical member 64 that is providedwith a 65 that extends through thev aperture 62 and into thesector-shaped cut away portion 58 of the bushing 55. The arrangement issuch that oscillating movement of the shaft 49 andthe bushing 55thereon'causes the respective ends of the va1vve 3| radial end-Walls ofthe cut away portion 58 alternately to engage the stud 65, and thus tooscillate the member 64, saidstud engaging the leveredge about theaperture 62 and moving said lever to one of vits alternative positions,whereby the valve31 is operated. "I'he cut away portion 58 providesvlost motion such that the lever 60 oper- 31 after the shaft 49 hasturned angularly about degrees.

The member 64 is formed with a radially extending arm 61 disposeddiametrically lopposite the stud 65, slotted to receive anangular wireyoke 68`.\A A somewhat similar yoke 69 is engaged about the post 6|.which may be slotted to retain said yoke,

and the respective ends of said yokes are con- 69. 'Ihe said lever is ametal plate pair of arcuate arms 60% 60a' as is most clearly shown inFigtorily on any pressure speed of operation is in direct proportion tothe 55 and the free end of said :"arm is member'to` its extremeposition, thereby quickly 5 -operating fluid is low, and slow movementof the valve 31 might result in a balanced condition of the iluid onopposite sides of the piston 44 due 10Y to both passages 3| being incommunication with The rear' end of the shaft 49 is journaled inabearing bushing 12 that is mounted in an axial 24. 4 When the coversareinplace on the housing "the severalf'operative.elementsin the latter areheldintheir-proper relative positions notwithstanding they are not)permanently secured to each other -or tothe housing. The construction20 l lfacilitates assembly, and repair, if necessary, and shaft49'i'soscillatedby mechanism presently to on its outer end, the`A`reduces'cost of manufacture. In 'the operation of themechanism,described,

`- uidrenters the valve-bore 30, thence passing to v the arcuate.pressure cylinder 28 through one of 25 erally cylindrical bushing 55that isl journaled`V the ypassages 3|' depending'V upon the position ofvalve31.` Fluid entering cylinder 28 moves the terminate distance, itengagesfthe stud 65 in its f cut away portion 58 and moves said studsuiiiciently to cause it to engage the lever 60 and 35 thereby to movethe said lever and thev valve 31 to theiralternative positions. 'Iheover-center springs 10 supplement the fluid press'ure in quick-- lyreversing the position of the said valve. In

the alternative position of the valve 31, uid ilows 40 into the cylinder28 through the other passage moves the piston 44 in the directionopposite to that of its previous movement, the fluid von the oppositeside ofthe piston being forced out of the cylinder by way of theopposite pas- 45 sage 3| into that portion of bore 3|) not occupied byvalve 3 1, thence into chamber 21 and into the return pipe.

This completes one cycle of operation which eiects an angular movementor oscillation of the 50 shaft 49 through 180 degrees. The operation isrepeated as long as vadequate iluid pressure is delivered to the device.It will operate satisfacabovc 10 pounds, and its iluid pressure. Thusthe `device operates faster on a vehicle moving at high speed than itdoes on one that is stationary with motor idling. The oil .thatoperates'the device penetrates between the relatively moving partsthereof, so that the 60 device is self-lubricating. The wiper ispractically noiseless in operation,

, and it provides an excellent means for checking- -the functioning ofthe lubricating system since failure of the wiper to operate would'indicate 65l `something wrong with the lubricating system.

Modification may be resorted to ywithout 'dev parting from the spirit ofthe invention or the scope ofthe appended claims, which are not'limanddescribed.

What is claimed is: 1. In a device of the character described, thecombination of a hollow cylindrical housing ited wholly to the. specificconstruction shown 70 formed with a wall across one end thereof, covers75 65 connected 30 on the respective ends of said housing, annularcavities in one face of the wall and the adjacent cover defining anannular pressure, a transverse partition in said cylinder, a valve onthe opposite side of the wall, there being passages from said valve tothe cylinder on opposite sides of the partition, said cylinder thusconstituting a double acting fluid pressure cylinder, a piston in saidcylinder, a shaft disposed axially of the housing, means connecting thepiston and shaft, and means for conducting fluid pressure to and fromthe valve.

2. A combination as dened in claimI l in which thevalve is a slidingvalve, including a pivoted lever for operating said valve, and alost-motion connection between the shaft and pivoted lever foroperatingthe latter.

3. In a device of the character described, the combination of adouble-acting fluid pressure device, a shaft adapted to be oscillated bysaid device. a valve controlling the operation of said device, a pivotedlever for operating said valve, said lever being formed with a centralaperture through which the shaft extends. a bushing fixed to the shafton one side of said lever and formed with a recess, a member journaledon the shaft on the opposite side of the lever and formed' with a studthat extends through the aperture in the lever and into the recess inthe bushing, said stud being adapted to engage and oscillate the leverwhen the shaft is oscillated, said member also being formed with aradial armand resilient means connected to said arm for carrying thevalve across dead center.

4. The combination as defined in claim 3 in which the resilient meanscomprises tensioned over-center mechanism engaging said radial arm Vforquickly moving the pivoted lever to its respective positionsnotwithstanding the speed of oscillation of the shaft.

5. In a device of the character described, the combination of an arcuatepressure cylinder, a

piston adapted to oscillate therein, an axial shaft to which said pistonis connected, a valve structure comprising an open-end bore, there beingpassages from said bore into said cylinder on 4 opposite sides of tliepiston thereof and a uid inlet disposed centrally of the bore, a slidevalve of less length than the bore mounted therein, and a two-arm leverconcurrently engaging the opposite ends of the valve through the openends of the valve bore for moving said valve from one end of saidbore tothe other whereby uid from the inlet passes through one passage into thepressure cylinder, and uid from the latter passes through the otherpassage into that portion of the valve bore not occupied by the valveand escapes through the'open end of said bore.

6. In a windshield wiper, the combination of a shaft 'adapted 'tosupport a wiper blade, an annular pressure cylinder concentric with saidshaft, a piston in said cylinder connected to said shaft wherebyoscillation of said piston will oscillate said shaft on its axis, atransverse partition in said cylinder, a valve structure disposedoutside the plane of said cylinder and comprising a bore that is open atboth ends and has passages extending from adjacent its respective endsinto said cylinder, on opposite sides of the partition therein, therebeing a fluid inlet into the central, part of said bore, a valve of lesslength than the bore slidably mounted therein, said valve having arecessed medial portion connecting a pair oi 5 spaced-apart, imperforateheads and being adapted to place said inlet alternately in communicationwith either of said passages and to uncover the other 'passage so thatfluid may exhaust therethrough into the'valve-bore and out 10 throughthe adjacent open end thereof, and means for reciprocating said valve intimed relation to the oscillation of said piston, said means comprisinga pivoted lever formed with a pair of arms that concurrently engage therespective 1:5v

heads of the valve through-the open ends of the valve-bore.

'1. In a fluid motor, the combination of a housing an arcuate pressurecylinder therein, a piston adapted to oscillate in said cylinder, anaxial 2o shaft to which said piston is connected, a valve structurecomprising a bore that is open at both ends, there being A from saidbore into' said'cylinder on opposite sides of the piston thereof and auid inlet disposed centrally of said bore, 25 a slide valve in said boreadapted to move from one end of the latter to the other whereby fluidfrom the inlet passes, in alternation, through one passage into thepressure chamber, and iiuid from the latter passes through the otherpassage into 80 that portion of the valve bore not occupied by the valveyand passes out of the adjacent open end of said bore, a chamber in thehousing about the valve structure formed with an outlet port,

said chamber constituting a passage through 35 l' which exhaust fluidfrom the valve reaches said outlet port, and a mechanicalinterconnection between said shaft and valve disposed wholly within saidchamber and valve bore for reciproeating said valve in timed relation tothe oscilla- 40 tion of said piston.

. 8. In a fluid motor, the combination of a housing, an arcuate pressurecylinder therein, a piston adapted to oscillate in said cylinder, anaxial shaft to which said piston is connected, a valve 45 structurecomprising a. bore that is open at both ends, there being passagesfrom'said bore into said cylinder on opposite sides of the pistonthereof and a iiuid inlet disposed centrally of said bore,

a slide valve in said bore adapted to move from 50 one end of the latterto the other whereby iiuid from the inlet passes, in altematlon, throughone passage into the pressure chamber, and fluid from the latter passesthrough the other passage into that portion of the valve bore notoccupied by the valve and passes out of the adjacent open end of thebore, a chamber in the housing about the valve structure formed with anoutlet port, said chamber constituting a passage through which exhaustfluid from the valve reaches said outlet port, and means wholly withinsaid charnber and valve bore for reciprocating said valve in timedrelation to the oscillation of said piston, said means including a leverpivotally mounted within the chamber and in contact with opposite endsof the valve.

CHARLEY F. CLIMA. RAY H. EVANS.

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION.

` 'Patent No. 2.054.086. March 1v, 1956.

CHARLEY F. CLIMA, ET AL.'

It is herebj certified that error appears in the printed .specificationof the 'above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 5,first column, line 3. :olem '1, after "pressure" and before the. commainsert cylinder; and that the said Letters. Patent should `be Vread withthis oorreotion therein that the /same' may 'conform to the recordofthe-oase in the Patent Office.

signed 'and sealed .1 -ni 14th day of- April, A. .D. '19:56. t v ll(Sealy) t j 1| l ctingcommi'ss'ioner of Patents.

